symfony模板渲染:

①常规方式
// src/Controller/ProductController.php
namespace App\Controller;

use Symfony\Bundle\FrameworkBundle\Controller\AbstractController;
use Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\Response;

class ProductController extends AbstractController
{
    public function index(): Response
    {
        // ...

        // the `render()` method returns a `Response` object with the
        // contents created by the template
        return $this->render('product/index.html.twig', [
            'category' => '...',
            'promotions' => ['...', '...'],
        ]);

        // the `renderView()` method only returns the contents created by the
        // template, so you can use those contents later in a `Response` object
        $contents = $this->renderView('product/index.html.twig', [
            'category' => '...',
            'promotions' => ['...', '...'],
        ]);

        return new Response($contents);
        
        //或者直接 render
        return $this->render('product/index.html.twig', [
            'pagination' => $pagination,
            'query' => $request->query->all(),
        ]);
    }
}

②v5.4版本以后可以通过Annotation方式，虽然官网说是v6.2以后才行
// src/Controller/ProductController.php
namespace App\Controller;

use Symfony\Bridge\Twig\Attribute\Template;
use Symfony\Bundle\FrameworkBundle\Controller\AbstractController;
use Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\Response;

class ProductController extends AbstractController
{
    #[Template('product/index.html.twig')] //Annotation方式
    public function index()
    {
        // ...

        // when using the #[Template()] attribute, you only need to return
        // an array with the parameters to pass to the template (the attribute
        // is the one which will create and return the Response object).
        return [
            'category' => '...',
            'promotions' => ['...', '...'],
        ];
    }
}

③在非控制器(比如 service 里面)
// src/Service/SomeService.php
namespace App\Service;

use Twig\Environment;//注意这个twig的环境变量

class SomeService
{
    public function __construct(
        private Environment $twig,
    ) {
    }

    public function someMethod()
    {
        // ...

        $htmlContents = $this->twig->render('product/index.html.twig', [
            'category' => '...',
            'promotions' => ['...', '...'],
        ]);
    }
}


④直接在 config/routes.yaml 渲染模板,虽然模板通常在控制器和服务中呈现，但你可以直接从路由定义中呈现不需要任何变量的静态页面。使用Symfony提供的特殊TemplateController：
acme_privacy:
  path:          /admin/test //路由
  controller:    Symfony\Bundle\FrameworkBundle\Controller\TemplateController //这个控制器是symfony自带的，不许用我们处理
  defaults:
    # the path of the template to render
    template:  'admin/test.html.twig' //只需要一个静态页面即可

    # the response status code (default: 200)
    statusCode: 200

    # special options defined by Symfony to set the page cache
    maxAge:    86400
    sharedAge: 86400

    # whether or not caching should apply for client caches only
    private: true

    # optionally you can define some arguments passed to the template
    context:
      site_name: 'ACME'
      theme: 'dark'

检查所有模板:$ php bin/console lint:twig
展示模板信息:$ php bin/console debug:twig